1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
| #!/usr/bin/env bash
#
# @sys: centos-stream-8, rocky-8, alma-8 (适用系统)
# @date: Tue Sep 23 19:15:10 PDT 2025 (更新日期)
# @author: yangfan (由 Gemini 重构)
# @info: 通过源码安装 MySQL 5.7，脚本经过健壮性和可用性增强。
# @run: ./install-mysql57.sh -p /data/mysql -P 'YourSecureP@ssw0rd' (运行示例)
# set -e: 如果命令以非零状态退出，则立即退出脚本。
# set -u: 当替换时，将未设置的变量视为错误。
# set -o pipefail: 管道命令的返回值是最后一个以非零状态退出的命令的退出状态。
set -euo pipefail
# --- 全局变量与颜色定义 ---
readonly C_RESET='\033[0m'
readonly C_RED='\033[0;31m'
readonly C_GREEN='\033[0;32m'
readonly C_YELLOW='\033[0;33m'
LOG_FILE="/tmp/mysql57_install_$(date +%s).log" # 日志文件路径
MODEL="online" # online (在线) 或 offline (离线)
INSTALL_PATH="/opt"
ROOT_PASSWORD="" # 将在参数中获取或生成
DEBUG_MODE=false # 默认关闭调试模式
VERSION_NAME="mysql57" # 用于目录命名
MYSQL_VERSION="5.7.30" # 具体的版本号
# --- 函数定义 ---
# 带颜色的日志输出函数
log() {
local level="$1"
local message="$2"
local color="${C_RESET}"
case "${level}" in
"信息") color="${C_GREEN}" ;;
"警告") color="${C_YELLOW}" ;;
"错误") color="${C_RED}" ;;
esac
echo -e "${color}[${level}] ${message}${C_RESET}"
}
# 显示用法信息的函数
usage() {
echo "用法: $0 [-p <路径>] [-P <密码>] [-m <模式>] [-d] [-h]"
echo " -p 安装的基础路径 (默认: /opt)。"
echo " -P MySQL root 用户的密码。如果未提供，将自动生成一个随机密码。"
echo " -m 安装模式: 'online' (在线, 默认) 或 'offline' (离线)。"
echo " -d 开启调试模式 (会显示 cmake 和 make 的详细输出)。"
echo " -h 显示此帮助信息。"
exit 0
}
# 执行命令并检查其退出状态，同时记录输出用于调试
run_command() {
local cmd_desc="$1"
shift
log "信息" "${cmd_desc}..."
if [[ "${DEBUG_MODE}" = true ]]; then
# 调试模式下，直接输出到屏幕并记录到日志
"$@" 2>&1 | tee -a "${LOG_FILE}"
local exit_code=${PIPESTATUS[0]}
else
# 非调试模式下，后台执行并显示动画
"$@" &> "${LOG_FILE}" &
local pid=$!
local spinner="/|\\-"
while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null; do
for i in $(seq 0 3); do
echo -ne "\r[执行中] ${spinner:$i:1} "
sleep 0.1
done
done
echo -ne "\r"
wait $pid
local exit_code=$?
fi
if [[ ${exit_code} -ne 0 ]]; then
log "错误" "${cmd_desc} 失败。详情请查看日志: ${LOG_FILE}"
echo "--- 日志文件最后15行 ---"
tail -n 15 "${LOG_FILE}"
echo "--------------------------"
exit 1
else
log "信息" "${cmd_desc} --------> 成功"
fi
}
# 添加系统用户（如果不存在）
add_user() {
if id "$1" &>/dev/null; then
log "信息" "用户 '$1' 已存在。"
else
run_command "添加系统用户 '$1'" useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin "$1"
fi
}
# 添加防火墙端口规则（如果尚未添加）
add_firewall_rule() {
if ! command -v firewall-cmd &> /dev/null || ! systemctl is-active --quiet firewalld; then
log "警告" "firewall-cmd 命令不存在或 firewalld 服务未运行，跳过防火墙规则设置。"
return
fi
if firewall-cmd --query-port="$1" --quiet; then
log "信息" "防火墙端口 '$1' 已经开放。"
else
run_command "开放防火墙端口 '$1'" firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port="$1"
run_command "重新加载防火墙" firewall-cmd --reload
fi
}
# --- 主逻辑 ---
main() {
# 检查 root 权限
if [[ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]]; then
log "错误" "此脚本必须以 root 用户身份运行。"
exit 1
fi
# 如果未提供密码，则生成一个随机密码
if [[ -z "${ROOT_PASSWORD}" ]]; then
ROOT_PASSWORD=$(head /dev/urandom | tr -dc 'A-Za-z0-9' | head -c 16)
log "警告" "未提供 root 密码，已生成一个随机密码。"
fi
log "信息" "开始安装 MySQL ${MYSQL_VERSION}..."
log "信息" "安装模式: ${MODEL}, 安装路径: ${INSTALL_PATH}, 调试模式: ${DEBUG_MODE}"
log "信息" "完整的安装日志位于: ${LOG_FILE}"
# 1. 安装依赖
run_command "安装基础构建依赖" yum install -y bison ncurses-devel libtirpc-devel openssl-devel cmake gcc gcc-c++
# 在 CentOS 8+ 上编译需要 rpcsvc-proto
local rpcsvc_tarball="rpcsvc-proto-1.4.tar.gz"
if [[ "${MODEL}" == "online" ]]; then
run_command "下载 rpcsvc-proto" wget -c "https://github.com/thkukuk/rpcsvc-proto/releases/download/v1.4/${rpcsvc_tarball}" -O "${rpcsvc_tarball}"
elif [[ ! -f "${rpcsvc_tarball}" ]]; then
log "错误" "离线模式: 未找到源码包 '${rpcsvc_tarball}'"
exit 1
fi
run_command "解压 rpcsvc-proto" tar -xf "${rpcsvc_tarball}"
(cd rpcsvc-proto-1.4 && run_command "配置 rpcsvc-proto" ./configure && run_command "编译 rpcsvc-proto" make && run_command "安装 rpcsvc-proto" make install)
run_command "清理 rpcsvc-proto" rm -rf rpcsvc-proto-1.4 "${rpcsvc_tarball}"
# 2. 下载并编译 MySQL
local mysql_tarball="mysql-boost-${MYSQL_VERSION}.tar.gz"
if [[ "${MODEL}" == "online" ]]; then
run_command "下载 MySQL ${MYSQL_VERSION}" wget -c "https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/${mysql_tarball}" -O "${mysql_tarball}"
elif [[ ! -f "${mysql_tarball}" ]]; then
log "错误" "离线模式: 未找到源码包 '${mysql_tarball}'"
exit 1
fi
run_command "解压 ${mysql_tarball}" tar xf "${mysql_tarball}"
cd "mysql-${MYSQL_VERSION}"
local mysql_home="${INSTALL_PATH}/${VERSION_NAME}"
local mysql_stable_path="${INSTALL_PATH}/mysql" # 稳定的符号链接
local cmake_args=(
"-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${mysql_home}"
"-DSYSCONFDIR=${mysql_home}/etc"
"-DMYSQL_DATADIR=${mysql_home}/data"
"-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306"
"-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4"
"-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci"
"-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=${mysql_home}/run/mysql.sock"
"-DWITH_BOOST=./boost"
)
run_command "配置 MySQL ${MYSQL_VERSION} (cmake)" cmake "${cmake_args[@]}"
local cpu_cores; cpu_cores=$(nproc)
run_command "使用 ${cpu_cores} 核心编译 MySQL" make "-j${cpu_cores}"
run_command "安装 MySQL" make install
cd ..
run_command "清理 MySQL 源码" rm -rf "mysql-${MYSQL_VERSION}" "${mysql_tarball}"
# 3. 配置 MySQL
run_command "创建稳定版符号链接于 ${mysql_stable_path}" ln -snf "${mysql_home}" "${mysql_stable_path}"
add_user "mysql"
mkdir -p "${mysql_stable_path}"/{etc,run,logs,data}
cat > "${mysql_stable_path}/etc/my.cnf" << END
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
basedir = ${mysql_stable_path}
datadir = ${mysql_stable_path}/data
socket = ${mysql_stable_path}/run/mysql.sock
pid-file = ${mysql_stable_path}/run/mysqld.pid
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
max_connections = 1024
log-error = ${mysql_stable_path}/logs/mysqld.log
default-time_zone = '+8:00'
lower_case_table_names=1
sql_mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
[client]
socket = ${mysql_stable_path}/run/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4
END
run_command "设置目录所有权" chown -R mysql:mysql "${mysql_home}" "${mysql_stable_path}/data"
add_firewall_rule "3306/tcp"
# 4. 初始化和启动
run_command "初始化 MySQL (无密码)" "${mysql_stable_path}/bin/mysqld" --initialize-insecure --basedir="${mysql_stable_path}" --datadir="${mysql_stable_path}/data" --user=mysql
cat > /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service << END
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
After=network.target
Wants=network.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
PIDFile=${mysql_stable_path}/run/mysqld.pid
ExecStart=${mysql_stable_path}/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=${mysql_stable_path}/run/mysqld.pid
LimitNOFILE=65535
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
END
run_command "重新加载 systemd 配置" systemctl daemon-reload
run_command "设置开机自启并启动 MySQL 服务" systemctl enable --now mysqld
# 5. 安全设置和路径配置
log "信息" "正在设置 root 密码..."
# 使用非交互式、更安全的方式设置密码
"${mysql_stable_path}/bin/mysql" -u root --connect-expired-password -e "ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '${ROOT_PASSWORD}';"
# 为了方便，额外创建一个远程访问用户 mw/123 (可按需修改或删除此行)
"${mysql_stable_path}/bin/mysql" -u root -p"${ROOT_PASSWORD}" -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'mw'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123' WITH GRANT OPTION; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"
log "信息" "密码设置成功。"
# 将 MySQL 路径添加到系统 PATH
cat > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh << END
export PATH=\$PATH:${mysql_stable_path}/bin
END
source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
log "信息" "MySQL ${MYSQL_VERSION} 安装完成！"
log "信息" "安装路径: ${mysql_home}"
log "信息" "服务名称: mysqld.service"
log "信息" "root 密码: ${ROOT_PASSWORD}"
log "信息" "请运行 'source /etc/profile' 或重新登录以使 mysql 命令生效。"
}
# --- 参数解析 ---
while getopts "p:P:m:dh" opt; do
case ${opt} in
p) INSTALL_PATH=${OPTARG} ;;
P) ROOT_PASSWORD=${OPTARG} ;;
m) MODEL=${OPTARG} ;;
d) DEBUG_MODE=true ;;
h) usage ;;
*) usage ;;
esac
done
# --- 运行主函数 ---
main
|
